Current Wi-Fi Trends and Impact on IT and the Internet of Things
The IEEE802.11 series LAN standard is called WiFi. Recently, WiFi routers have been upgraded from the 802.11n standard to the latest 802.11ac standard.
In recent years, printers, cameras and smart home devices using the WiFi Direct standard have appeared on the market, and the peak data transmission rate is 250 Mbps. The latest advances in WiFi routers are the choice of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz spectrum. The former is called "2G" and the latter is called "5G." The 2G channel is more crowded, but the coverage is more than 5G. The coverage of the latter is small, but the data The transfer rate is faster.
Therefore, it is suitable to use 2G when it is far from the router, and 5G when it is close to the router and download movies. Routers that provide both 2G and 5G channels are commonplace, but there are many factors in the future of WiFi.
What are the AC5400, AC5300, MU-MIMO, and 802.11ax?
Several so-called "three-band gigabit" 802.11ac WiFi routers appeared on the market in 2016, although they promised data transmission rates of 5300Mbps-5400Mbps - so they have two informal names: AC5300 or AC5400. They are actually just Ordinary dual-band routers add a 5GHz band.
Tech Radar said that the purpose of this innovation is to improve the convenience of existing technologies, rather than new technologies. The upcoming models include the Linksys EA 9500 Max-Stream and the Asus RT-AC5300, both of which include MU-MIMO - representing multiple users, multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
Modern homes usually have multiple devices that compete for bandwidth—especially streaming video. MU-MIMO shares bandwidth equally and is expected to become the default feature of future WiFi routers.
Even more exciting is the prospect of WiFi routers that support the 802.11ax standard. The 802.11ax standard is currently under development and is scheduled to be released in 2019. The data transmission rate can reach 10Gbps and the 5GHz band is still used. Market research firm ABI Research predicts that by 2021, 802.11ax will account for 57% of WiFi chipset sales. Therefore, 802.11ax will become the "new standard" for WiFi routers.
What is the 802.11ad and WiGig standard?
These are the same technologies. WiGig (Wireless Gigabit) is a high-end WiFi that utilizes the 60GHz spectrum without a license to achieve ultra-high 7Gbps data transmission rates in four 2.16GHz bands. The Gigabit WiFi provided by WiGig is ideal for the 5G era - when users can make and upload full HD and 4K video via smartphones.
Although vendors are already experimenting, the connection with 5G means that WiGig will not come out in the next few years. Universal, Netgear, and Yilike displayed the WiGig router at the 2016 International Consumer Electronics Show. Peraso recently demonstrated its first WiGig USB device at the 2016 Taipei International Computer Show. WiGig access points, network adapters, tablets, smartphones, and notebooks are expected to eventually be on the market.
ABI Research estimates that by 2018, WiGig chips will sell more than 600 million units a year. The 802.11ay under development is an enhanced standard of WiGig. Its working spectrum is 60GHz, and the data transmission rate can be as high as 20Gbps, but the data transmission distance is short.
What is WiFiHa Low?
Narrowband IoT devices are driving new innovations in WiFi and connectivity. Although many smart home and industrial networking devices can use Bluetooth or WiFi, they need higher data transmission capabilities and longer transmission distances. Ha Low is based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard and uses a 900 MHz frequency band. The data transmission distance is longer and the energy consumption is not high.
The inadequacy of HaLow is that its data transmission rate is 150KB-18Mbps, which has little effect on smart home devices that only need to transmit a small amount of data. HaLow signal through the wall is quite strong. It is expected that the HaLow standard three-band router will be available for sale in 2018.
What is LPWAN?
Ha Low is an LPWAN (Low-Power Wide Area Network) technology approved by the WiFi Alliance and operates on WiFi routers. LP WAN is also a low-bandwidth connection technology for IoT devices. Its key advantage over WiFi is lower power consumption.
LP WAN, also known as Sigfox, LoRa, Hyper Cat, and Weightless, is known as a “lost link” in smart devices such as smart meters and smart cities that require long-range, low-power communications.
Tech Radar claims that because of the lower energy consumption than WiFi, LPWAN is more suitable for smart farms and other wide-area applications that use environmental sensors and motion sensors. However, Ha Low has made LPWAN useless when it can use WiFi routers. Land - such as smart homes and smart buildings.
What is LTE-U?
Here "U" means that without a license plate, Qualcomm's LTE-U is also referred to as LTE-LAA (LTE Assisted Grant Access). The goal of LTE-U is to increase the capacity of LTE mobile networks, using some spectrum that does not require a license—usually the 5 GHz spectrum used by WiFi routers. Different countries and regions have different conditions. Some of the frequency bands may have been used by short-distance wireless signal transmissions by hospitals or factories.
LTE-U can expand LTE mobile networks at the necessary time and place, and even provide Gigabit speeds for mobile phones. However, industry insiders are concerned that if mobile operators deploy LTE-U aggressively, existing WiFi networks may be squeezed. Wi-Fi Alliance opposes the use of LTE-U, and regulators are also "passively absent."
ABI Research estimates that sales of WiFi chipsets will exceed 20 billion during 2016-2021, but one thing is certain. As the number of mobile devices surges and IoT devices become popular, they are faster, have wider coverage and better WiFi. The longing does not stop.
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