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Redtop Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd. , http://www.jhtattoomachine.com
Product name Specification Material Steel / Origin Price (yuan/ton) Than yesterday last week than the previous month General line Φ6.5mm Q235 Handan Steel 4990 10 -20 710 Common line Φ6.5mm Q235 Jiuquan 4990 10 -20 710 High line Φ6 .5mm Q235 Ping Steel 5050 20 -30 650 High Line Φ6.5-8mm Q235 Beitai 5050 20 -30 660 High Line Φ6.5-8mm Q335 Haixin 5060 20 -30 660 Rebar Φ12mm HRB335 Baosteel 4910 0 -110 410 Thread Steel Φ14mm HRB335 Baosteel 4900 0 -110 440 Rebar Φ16mm HRB335 Baosteel 4870 0 -110 430 Rebar Φ18-25mm HRB335 Baosteel 4870 0 -110 440 Rebar Φ12-14mm HRB335 Shanghai Bao 4810 30 -100 390 Rebar Φ18-25mm HRB335 Shanghai Bao 4780 50 -100 500 Rebar Φ16-25mm HRB335 Tangshan Steel 4780 50 -100 500 Rebar Φ16-25mm HRB335 2672 4790 50 -100 490 Rebar Φ16-25mm HRB335 Handan 4800 50 -100 500 Rebar Φ16-25mm HRB335 Laiwu Steel 4780 50 -100 480 Rebar Φ20-25mm HRB335 Beitai 4780 50 -100 500 Rebar Φ20-25mm HRB335 Yinfeng 4780 50 -100 500 Grade III Rebar Φ10mm HRB400 Baosteel 5140 0 -180 310 Grade III Rebar Φ12mm HRB400 Baosteel 5110 0 -180 310 Grade III Rebar Φ14mm HRB400 Baosteel 51 10 0 -180 310 Grade III Rebar Φ16mm HRB400 Baosteel 4960 0 -110 430 Grade III Rebar Φ20mm HRB400 Baosteel 4960 0 -110 430 Grade III Rebar Φ12-14mm HRB400 Ma Steel 5060 0 -90 310 Grade III Rebar Φ16mm HRB400 Ma Steel 5010 20 -60 520 Grade III Rebar Φ20mm HRB400 Ma Steel 5010 20 -60 520 Grade III Rebar Φ25mm HRB400 Ma Steel 5040 20 -30 510 Grade III Rebar Φ28-32mm HRB400 Ma Steel 5100 20 -90 300 Hot Rolled Roll 1.5mm*1250*C ZJ330B Bead Steel 6200 0 -50 750 Hot Roll 1.5mm*1250*C SPHC Handan Steel 6200 0 -50 750 Hot Roll 2.0mm*1250*C SPHC Handan Steel 5820 -30 -80 540 Hot rolled coil 2.0mm*1250*C SPHC Previous 5820 -30 -80 490 Hot rolled coil 2.75mm*1250*C SPHC Previous 5500 -50 -100 480 Hot rolled coil 2.75mm*1500*C Q235 Tangsteel 5380 - 120 -220 380 Hot rolled coil 3.0mm*1500*C Q235 Tangsteel 5380 -40 -170 400 Hot rolled coil 3.0mm*1250*C Q235 Shagang 5380 -40 -170 400 Hot rolled coil 5.5*1500*C Q235 Saddle/本/唐/包5200 0 -130 500 Hot rolled coil 7.5mm*1500*C Q235 Saddle/Border/Don/Bag 5200 0 -100 520 Hot rolled coil 9.5mm*1500*C Q235 Saddle/Border/Don/Bag 5200 0 -100 520 HRC 11.5*1500*C Q235 Saddle/Bon/Don/Bag 5200 0 -100 520 Cold rolled coil 0.4mm*1000*C SPCC-SD Baosteel Yichang 7100 0 0 400 Cold rolled coil 0.5mm*1000*C SPCC-SD Baosteel Yichang 6950 0 0 450 Cold rolled coil 0.6mm*1000*C SPCC-SD Baosteel Yichang 6650 0 0 470 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C SPCC Masteel 6430 0 0 730 Cold rolled coil 2.0mm*1250*C SPCC Masteel 6380 0 0 680 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250* C SPCC Handan Steel 6380 0 0 730 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1000*C SPCC Meigang 6350 0 0 750 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C SPCC Kunming Steel 6350 0 0 750 Cold rolled coil 1.2mm*1250*C SPCC Cold weather 6350 0 0 750 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C ST14 Angang 6900 0 0 900 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C DC04 Baosteel 7400 0 0 700 Cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C SPCC Tanggang 6380 0 0 730 cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C SPCC silicon steel 6400 0 0 750 cold rolled coil 1.0mm*1250*C SPCC steel cladding 6380 0 0 730 cold plate 1.0mm*1250*2500 DC01 Baosteel 7000 0 0 850 cold plate 1.0mm*1250*2500 DC01/ST12 Wuhan Iron and Steel 6550 0 0 800 Cold Plate 1.0mm*1250*2500 ST12 Angang Steel 1780 6600 0 0 800 Cold Plate 1.2mm*1250*2500 ST12 Angang Steel 1780 6500 0 0 720 Cold Plate 1.5mm*1250 *2500 DC01/ST12 Benxi Steel 6480 0 0 730 Cold Plate 1.5mm*1250*2500 DC01 Baosteel 7000 0 0 750 Cold Plate 1.5mm*1250*2500 S PCC Baosteel 6800 0 0 650 Cold Plate 1.5mm*1250*2500 DC01/ST12 Wuhan Iron and Steel 6480 0 0 750 Cold Plate 1.5mm*1250*2500 ST12 Angang Steel 1780 6500 0 0 750 Product Name Specification Material Steel Factory/Origin Price (Yuan/Ton) More than last week, compared with last month, hot rolled strip 2.5mm*183*C Q195L Jianlong 5100 0 50 510 Hot rolled strip 2.5mm*204*C Q195L Jianlong 5100 0 50 510 Hot rolled strip 2.5mm*232 *C Q195L Jianlong 5150 0 40 530 Hot Rolled Strip 2.5mm*160-204*C Q195-215 Tangshan Hongda 5150 0 40 530 Hot Rolled Strip 2.75mm*232*C Q195-215 Tangshan Guofeng 5100 0 50 510 Hot Rolled Strip 5.5mm*685*C Q235 Beitai 5150 0 50 580 Hot Rolled Strip 5.6mm*700*C Q235 Beitai 5150 0 50 580 Hot Rolled Strip 5.75mm*685*C Q235 Beitai 5150 0 50 580 Hot Rolled Strip 6.0mm*690*C Q235 Beitai 5150 0 50 580 Hot Rolled Strip 6.0mm*700*C Q235 Beitai 5150 0 50 580 Hot Rolled Strip 5.5mm*685*C Q235 DeLong 5140 0 40 550 Hot Rolled Strip 9.5mm*735*C Q235 Delong 5140 0 40 550 Hot-rolled Strip 1.8mm*355*C Q195-235 Tianjin Roll 5350 0 50 530 Hot-rolled Strip 1.8mm*292*C Q195-235 Tianjin Rolling A 5350 0 50 530 hot rolled strip 2.0mm*295*C Q195-235 Tianjin rolling a 5320 0 50 520 Medium plate 6mm Q235 New steel 6650 0 0 600 Medium plate 8mm Q235 New steel 6330 0 0 750 Medium plate 10mm Q235 New steel 6280 0 0 800 Medium plate 12mm Q235 New steel 6000 0 0 770 Medium plate 14-20mm Q235 New Steel 6000 0 0 800 Puzhong Plate 8mm Q345 Yingkou 6410 0 0 830 Puzhong Board 10mm Q345 Yingkou 6310 0 0 830 Puzhong Board 14-20mm Q345 Yingkou 6000 0 0 750 Puzhong Board 10mm Q235 Masteel 6210 0 0 780 Pu Medium plate 14-20mm Q235 Ma steel 5900 0 0 760 Medium plate 14-20mm Q235 Chunye 5770 0 0 770 Low alloy plate 6mm Q345 New steel 6780 0 0 580 Low alloy plate 8mm Q345 New steel 6480 0 0 830 Low alloy plate 10mm Q345 New Steel 6310 0 0 810 Low Alloy Plate 12mm Q345 New Steel 6210 0 0 810 Low Alloy Plate 14-20mm Q345 Yingkou 6180 0 0 800 Low Alloy Plate 14-20mm Q345 Ma Steel 6080 0 0 760 Boiler Medium Plate 8mm 16MnG New Steel 6750 0 0 550 Boiler Medium Plate 10mm 16MnG New Steel 6550 0 0 550 Boiler Medium Plate 12-20mm 16MnG New Steel 6300 0 0 550 Boiler Medium Plate 8mm 20G Pu Steel 6750 0 0 550 Boiler Medium Plate 10mm 20G Pu Steel 6550 0 0 750 Boiler Plate 12-20mm 20G Pu Steel 6300 0 0 550 Container Plate 8mm 16MnR Pu Steel 6800 0 0 550 Container Plate 10mm 16MnR Pu Steel 6600 0 0 550 Container Plate 12mm 16MnR Pu Steel 6350 0 0 550 Container Plate 16-20mm 16MnR Pu Steel 6350 0 0 550 Container Plate 16-20mm 16MnR Nangang 6400 0 0 570 Galvanized Roll 0.4mm*1000*C SGCC New Medium and Medium Size 6750 0 0 550 Galvanized Roll 0.5mm*1000*C SGCC New Medium 6550 0 0 650 Galvanized Roll 1.0mm*1000*C SGCC New Large 6230 0 0 680 Galvanized Roll 1.0mm*1000*C ST02Z Bengang 6300 0 0 720 Galvanized coil 1.0mm*1000*C ST02Z Angang 6330 0 0 730 Galvanized coil 1.0mm*1250*C JY150 Wuhan Iron and Steel 6330 0 0 780 Galvanized coil 1.0mm*1250*C SGCC Combined steel 6270 0 0 690 galvanized coil 1.0mm*1000*C SGCC 华烨6250 0 0 700 卷卷0.4mm*1000*C TST01 宝钢8700 0 0700 卷卷0.5mm*1000*C TST01 宝钢8300 0 0 650 彩彩Coil 0.5mm*1200*C TST01 Baosteel 8300 0 0 650 Color Coil 0.6mm*1000*C TST01 Baosteel 8250 0 0600 Color Coil 0.6mm*1200*C TST01 Baosteel 8250 0 0 600 Color Coil 0.42mm* 1000*C CGCC New Senior High School 7300 0 0 450 Color Coil 0.47mm*1000*C CGCC New Senior Middle 7100 0 0 420 Color Coil 0.5mm*1200*C TST01 Ma Steel 7550 0 0 800 50*50*5 Angle Steel Q235 Ma Steel 5220 0 0 440 Angle Steel 100*100*10 Q235 Ma Steel 5150 0 0 300 Channel Steel 10# Q235 Masteel 5200 0 0 500 Channel 16#A Q235 Masteel 5120 0 0 520 Channel 20#A Q235 Masteel 5120 0 0 520 Channel 32#A Q235 Laiwu Steel 5200 0 0 570 I-beam 20#B Q235 Wugang 50000 0 600 I-beam 25#B Q235 Laiwu Steel 5250 0 0 670 I-beam 36#B Q235 Laiwu Steel 5300 0 0 700 I-beam 40#B Q235 Laysteel 5320 0 0 670 Galvanized Pipe 4 points*2.0 Q235 Jiangsu Guoqiang 7120 0 0 450 galvanized pipe 6 points *2.0 Q235 Jiangsu Guoqiang 7020 0 0 440 galvanized pipe 3 inch * 3.25 Q235 Tangshan Huarong 5600 0 0 -430 Galvanized pipe 4 inch * 3.25 Q235 Tangshan Huarong 5600 0 0 -400 Galvanized Pipe 5" *3.25 Q235 Tangshan Huayu 6390 0 0 240 Galvanized Pipe 6" *4.5 Q235 Tianjin Bengbu 5430 0 0 -770 Galvanized Pipe 8" *4.5 Q235 Tianjin Bengbu 6660 0 0 460
WEIFANG MELTWAY CO., LTD , http://www.globalmeltway.com
The opening and closing part of the GB gate valve is a gate plate. The movement direction of the gate plate is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed and cannot be adjusted or throttled. The gate valve is a kind of valve with a wide range of use. Generally, the cutting device with DN≥50mm has selected it. Sometimes the cutting device with a small diameter also uses a gate valve with two sealing surfaces. The two most commonly used mode gate valves The sealing surfaces are wedge-shaped and the wedge angle varies with the valve parameters, typically 50, and 2° 52′ when the medium temperature is not high. Wedge gate valve gate can be made into a whole, called the rigid gate; can also be made to produce a slight deformation of the gate, in order to improve its craft, to make up for the deviation of the sealing surface angle in the process, this gate The board is called a flexible shutter. The gate valve is the main control device for the flow rate or delivery volume of powder, crystal grain, granular material and small piece of material. It is widely used in metallurgy, mining, building materials, food, chemical industries to control flow changes or cut off quickly.
GB gate valve specifically refers to the type of cast steel gate valve, according to the sealing surface configuration can be divided into wedge gate valve and parallel gate valve, wedge gate valve can be divided into: single gate type, double gate plate type and elasticity Gate type; Parallel gate valve can be divided into single gate type and double gate type. Divided according to the thread position of the valve stem, it can be divided into two kinds: open rod gate valve and dark rod gate valve.
When the GB gate valve is closed, the sealing surface can be sealed only by medium pressure, that is, relying on the medium pressure to press the sealing surface of the gate plate to the valve seat on the other side to ensure the sealing of the sealing surface, which is self-sealing. Most of the gate valves are forced to seal, that is, when the valve is closed, it is necessary to force the gate plate to press against the valve seat in order to ensure the sealing performance of the sealing surface.
The gate of the GB gate valve makes linear motion with the valve stem and is called lift rod gate valve (also called open rod gate valve). Trapezoidal threads are usually provided on the lifting rods. The nut on the top of the valve and the guide groove on the valve body convert the rotation into a linear motion, that is, the operating torque becomes the operating thrust.
When the valve is opened, when the lift height of the gate is equal to 1:1 of the valve diameter, the fluid channel is completely open, but this position cannot be monitored during operation. In actual use, the vertex of the valve stem is used as a mark, that is, a position that does not move, as its fully open position. To account for temperature changes in the lock-up phenomenon, usually in the open to the top position, and then back 1/2 -1 turn, as a fully open valve position. Therefore, the fully open position of the valve is determined by the position of the gate (ie stroke).
advantage
1, the fluid resistance is small, the sealing surface is affected by the medium brush and erosion.
2, open and close more effort.
3, the direction of flow of the media is not limited, does not disturb the flow, does not reduce the pressure.
4, simple body, short structure, good manufacturing process, a wide range of applications.
Shortcomings
1. It is easy to cause erosion and scratches between the sealing surfaces and maintenance is difficult.
2. Large size, opening requires a certain space, long opening and closing time.
3, the structure is more complicated.
For a long time, the general gate valve used in the market generally suffers from water leakage or rust. Zhengzhou Dingsheng introduced the European high-tech rubber and valve manufacturing technology to produce the elastic seat sealing gate valve, which overcomes the defects of general gate valve sealing and rust, etc. The gate valve utilizes the compensation effect of the elastic gate to generate a slight amount of elastic deformation to achieve a good sealing effect. The valve has the advantages of lightness of the switch, reliable sealing, good elastic memory, and long service life. Can be widely used in tap water, sewage, construction, petroleum, chemical, food, medicine, textile, electric power, shipbuilding, metallurgy, energy systems and other body pipelines used as regulation and closure devices. Installation and use 1. Before installation, check the valve cavity and the sealing surface, etc., and do not allow any dirt or sand particles to adhere; 2. Bolts at each connection site require uniform tightening; 3. Check the packing site requirements for tightness and ensure the packing. Sealing, but also to ensure that the gate open and flexible; 4 users must verify the valve model before the installation of the valve, the connection size and pay attention to the flow of media, to ensure consistency with the valve requirements; 5. The user must install the valve, you must set aside The necessary space for the valve drive; 6. The wiring of the drive device must be carried out according to the circuit diagram; 7. The valve must be maintained regularly, and it must not be crushed and squeezed freely to avoid affecting the seal.
The installation and maintenance of the national gate valve should pay attention to the following matters:
Handwheels, handles, and transmissions are not allowed to lift, and collisions are strictly prohibited.
The double gate valve should be installed vertically (ie, the stem is in a vertical position with the handwheel at the top).
Valves with bypass valves should open the bypass valve before opening (to balance the pressure difference between inlet and outlet).
The gate valve with transmission mechanism shall be installed in accordance with the instructions of the product manual.
If the valve is always switched on and on, lubricate it at least once a month.
Main technical and design parameters test pressure (MPa)
Nominal pressure (MPa)
Pressure class (Class)
JIS(MPa)
1.6
2.5
4.0
6.4
10.0
Working temperature PTFE≤150°CPPL≤300°C Carbon fiber ≤350°C
Applicable medium C: water, oil, steam P: nitric acid (temperature ≤ 200 °C) R: acetic acid (temperature ≤ 200 °C)
Design Parameters:
Design, manufacture: GB/T12237-89
Flange connection: JB/T79-94, GB9113-2000
Structure length: GB12221-89
Nominal diameter: DN15~DN150mm
Nominal pressure: PN1.6, 2.5, 4.0MP.
The national standard gate valve implementation standard length GB12221-89
Flange size GB9113-2000JB79-94
Pressure-temperature GB9131
Design/Manufacture GB12237-94
Test - Inspection GB/T13927HB/T9092
GB valve pressure test (Mpa):
Nominal pressure 1.62.546.41016
Strength test 2.43.869.61524
Water seal test 1.82.84.471118
On the seal test 1.82.84.47.041118
Hermetic test 0.4-0.
Elevator Equipment,Lift Door Parts Suppliers,Schindler Elevator Parts
Yuanqi Elevator Parts Co., Ltd. , http://www.cnelevatorparts.com
According to Han Changan, chairman of Shanxi Haobao Energy Group, the coke has been “eaten” for 10 years, and it is now time to “eat” chemical products down the coke. Only in this way can the "nutrients" of coal be eaten and dried. Only in this way can the pollutants produced in the production of coke be used again, thus protecting the environment. However, Shanxi coke enterprises, such as “Summary of Coke and Chemicals,” like Min Bao, are rare.
The reporter learned that in recent years, after experiencing some market baptism, most of the business ideas of coke enterprises have undergone a fundamental change. The notion that "only a single source of energy is a dead end" has been recognized by more and more coke industry operators. However, these coke enterprises have explored the "take-away coke and chemical industry" model, but at the same time they have issued "unfortunate" emotions. Where is it difficult?
The first is the lack of industrial knowledge. Over the years, coal mining coking, the company is only with the coal surface coke blisters mixed face familiar, but with a few simple chemical products know each other, and for the new-scale coal chemical industry, its development policy, production technology, management knowledge Such as understanding shallow, can not reach the minimum requirements of the new industry, so that thinking about the project, shouting to the project, and other projects really come to the front of the six gods. The Linfen Xingyuan coking plant in Shanxi Province invested 30 million yuan, and the coal tar from Shangma was used for the production of clean oil fuel oil projects. Due to the inaccurate selection of the technical route, the project development stopped midway; the Jinyang Pride Chemical Company and Tianjin's methanol project was stranded; Hou The coking follow-up recovery of 100,000 tons of methanol by the Pro-Coke Company was only a “on-paper discussion”. After the lack of gas, it was later changed to the 500-m3 steelmaking furnace.
The second is the lack of guidance norm. At the initial stage of the industry, there is a shortage of new-type coal chemical companies, and the industrial structure system has not yet formed. Coal chemical industry in Taiyuan is currently only minor and lacks organization. In the process of improvement of chemical product recycling, most local governments do not have industry organizations and industrial constraints are loose. In order to keep coking production from being suspended, “as long as it can recover chemical production”, the company is supporting various types of recovery equipment for production and production, and they are not able to fundamentally solve problems such as environmental pollution and safety and security. Many companies failed to solve the problem of ammonia disposal in the crude benzene recovery process. The ammonia discharged along the bank and caused the pollution of nearby rural drinking water sources. Some companies have invested tens of millions of yuan, and they are still finishing their acid-washing crude benzene refining projects. The tires are already in the belly. In particular, it is plagued by funds, coupled with the lack of demonstration and lead projects for new coal chemical industry, and no “flagship” of the industry. Small-scale recycling of chemical products is mostly an “additional installation” for coking companies, and a considerable part of them is still forced to launch. This results in a simple coal chemical industry and a fragile structure.
The third is the lack of awareness of cooperation. At present, the coke industry in Shanxi Province has undergone a major transformation in the restructuring of its coke industry. However, the deep-level cooperation concept of attracting foreign capital has not yet been formed. Entrepreneurs lack the sense of cooperation and want to be the “boss”. It is difficult for them to work together to strengthen their business and give greater market and profit space to foreign investors. In terms of foreign project cooperation, very few companies are willing to enter into joint ventures with a share of 49% or less, but most companies require that they must have a controlling interest in cooperation. Local companies are reluctant to lose control, and foreign companies are not assured of local management decisions. This has caused many investment projects to be stranded, affecting the company’s capital introduction and cooperation. The market economy is a competitive economy, and it is also a cooperative economy. Enterprises should establish a new capital operation concept, do a good job of attracting investment and cooperation, and introduce organizational resources and management techniques in cooperation to improve the organization and management level of the enterprise.
Experts pointed out that coal chemical industry is still unfamiliar to coking enterprises. To develop a complete upstream and downstream industry chain, from coking coal mining to coke production, coke oven gas recovery, coking product processing, to extraction of methanol, dimethyl ether, etc., it is necessary to meet the national policy of developing clean energy, and give It is more difficult for enterprises to bring more Yuan's development prospects. Therefore, the government departments are urged to, on the one hand, implement national industrial regulations and control policies, increase their efforts in scientific planning of production capacity distribution, industrial policy support, and promotion of corporate restructuring and integration; on the other hand, they must guide coke enterprises such as OPEC in general. Vertically and horizontally, they will join hands to promote deeper cooperation among enterprises, solve financing problems and introduce foreign investment. Only in this way can the cracking problem of the Shanxi coke enterprise “take over coke and chemical industry” and extend the coking industrial chain.
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Baolun Computerized Embroidery Machinery Co., Ltd. , http://www.cnembroiderymachine.com
At present, most of the newly built residential areas are equipped with visual or non-visual building intercom systems. This system undoubtedly brings great convenience to the residents of the community, and also increases the sense of security of the residents. For some residential quarters with large investment, walkie-talkies are often installed at the entrance and exit gates of residential quarters in order to satisfy the residents' access requirements to the maximum. In this case, the following situations are worth exploring.
1 installation position
At present, most residential out-of-town walkie-talkies are installed on the walls or outer walls of guard houses. This type of installation is considered by the author to be really inappropriate, mainly as follows:
(1) Long-term sun and rain affects the service life of the intercom device. Especially in Shenzhen, long sunshine hours and more typhoon storms have a greater impact on the reliability and longevity of intercom devices.
(2) The guards cannot effectively prevent the foreign visitors from making mistakes (especially late at night) and cannot grasp the time and frequency of use of the intercom device. Therefore, starting from the "people-oriented" concept, it is absolutely necessary to move the door to the room.
(3) The vast majority of foreign visitors not only do not operate the intercom device, but also rarely operate and use it. They are not familiar with the operation steps. Therefore, they often require the assistance of a guard, and some delivery and driving visits are inconvenient. Use it personally.
In view of the above factors, the author believes that the walkie-talkie should be installed in the guard room only for the use of the gatekeeper, which is more reasonable. This reflects the humanized management.
2 intercom method
The existing walkie-talkie is divided into visual and non-visual modes. Under normal circumstances, the cell door walkie-talkie can adopt non-visual intercom mode. The reasons are as follows:
(1) The walkie-talkie has been installed in the guard room and is limited to the guard operation. That is, the two sides of the intercom may only be the tenants and the guards;
(2) Because only the interviewed households need to confirm that something exists, there are rare occurrences of impostor. It is no longer necessary to use visual intercom, even if the household needs to confirm the identity of the visitor, it can be completely in the first floor of each building. Video intercom door confirmation;
(3) Because the population in the general community is far away from the monitoring center, the video image quality will be affected by the transmission distance.
(4) Save investment, but also save maintenance غير مجاز مي باشدts that may occur in the future. The reliability of the current video intercom equipment video image quality can not be guaranteed within 3 to 5 years after it is put into use. Frequent maintenance will cause developers to spend a lot of financial and material resources.
3 The necessity of installation
According to the “Guidelines and Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Intelligent Systems for Residential Quarters” (Registration of the Housing Industry Promotion Center of the Ministry of Construction, 2003.2), the system implementation details of the guest intercom system are as follows:
One-star: Anti-theft door control and voice intercom devices are installed in the residential corridor population, and tenants can control the opening of building security doors.
Two-star: The visitor intercom device can be networked, and the main population of the community can install a visitor intercom device.
Three-star: In addition to having all the functions of two-stars, it should also maintain advanced technology to facilitate system integration, easy operation and maintenance, and good scalability.
According to the above rules, whether or not to install a community walkie-talkie should be based on comprehensive consideration of several factors such as the function, grade positioning, and size of investment in the constructed community.
In the design, the author once investigated the situation of people and vehicles entering a residential area. The sampling conditions are as follows.
The community has a building area of 180,000 m2, a total of 1120 households, and the occupancy rate is above 97%. There are 740 private cars (vehicles) pre-owned. From the above table, the following conditions can be found:
(1) The peak time for personnel and vehicles entering the community is after the afternoon of work;
(2) All types of delivery personnel and vehicles continue to enter the community;
(3) There is less use of walkie-talkie in the community;
(4) The use of wireless walkie-talkies by guards is more common. The main reasons for this are:
(1) It is convenient and fast to use wireless walkie-talkies to communicate with the monitoring center, and does not interfere with the other work of the guards;
(2) The walkie-talkie cannot be used when visiting foreign vehicles. Especially during the peak hours of work, there are often 5 or 6 vehicles queuing at the gate. In order to ensure that there are no traffic jams, only the wireless intercoms can notify the building security guards;
(3) To ensure the maximum quality of call quality between the residents and the building's entrance door radio and the monitoring center, and to reduce possible channel occupancy. Avoid the unnecessary troubles and misunderstandings caused by households;
(4) The guard's management experience. The guards with longer working hours are familiar with the frequent residents, which is very helpful to reduce the number of use of the population walkie-talkies;
(5) In the middle of the night, it was inconvenient to use an entrance walkie-talkie to disturb the rest of the household;
(6) The density of personnel entering the peak hours of rush hours is too high. The operation of the entrance and exit walkie-talkie delays too much work time, and it is easy to cause loopholes in the guard's security work.
For the building intercom system, there is no description about the setting of the cell door machine in the relevant section of "12.3.2 Residential Area" in the "Intelligent Architecture Design Standard" GB/T 50314-2000, only in the "12.3" In the “1-3 Households” column, “Door Intercom and Building Entrance/Exit Door Lock Control Devices” should be set up, and this is not covered in the “Household Intelligent Electrical Design Manual” (written by China Building Standard Design Institute). As described above, how to set up a community out-of-town walkie-talkie device has a large relationship with the grade and scale of the residential community. In general, it is more convenient and safer to use a wireless intercom method (between the community gate and the monitoring center) and a cell door intercom system for a large-scale residential area. Building intercom equipment usually enters the maintenance period after being put into use for 3-5 years, and is closely related to the daily life of residents. Therefore, it cannot be taken carelessly. If we can proceed from a convenient and practical point of view, we will be able to solve this problem very well. .
references
1Research on Design Standards of Chinese Buildings for "Intelligent Electrical Design Manual of Residential Buildings"
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In recent years, the domestic security industry has made great progress. The international anti-terrorism situation, western development and rejuvenation in Northeast China, the 2008 Olympics and the Shanghai World Expo, domestic urbanization and rapid urban construction, the construction of safe cities, and the frequent occurrence of security accidents in some application fields constitute the main positive factors for the development of the security industry. As the core part of the security system, the development of video surveillance technology has experienced analog surveillance and digital surveillance are being developed to large-scale network surveillance. The various components of the video security monitoring system – front-end video capture, video transmission, video recording, alarm recording, control, and display technology development are fast.
The development trend of the video surveillance platform is distributed collection and centralized management, high-quality image compression processing, unified interface of open standards, unified authentication to ensure security, humanization of operation, integration of functions, modularization of structure and diversification of transmission. The development trend of the security system in 2012 is generally summarized as follows: high-definition, intelligence, application, and integration. However, each industry may have its own industry characteristics. Below, the author and everyone together to discuss * and security development trends in the financial sector.
*Article
In October 2005, the Ministry deployed the National Pilot Project for Urban Alarm and Monitoring System Construction (ie, the "3111" Pilot Project), identified 22 cities as ministerial pilot cities, and identified more than 400 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across the country. Pilot counties, cities, and districts. In 2010, major cities in the country have basically completed the construction of urban alarm and monitoring systems.
In 2011, Safe City entered the overall promotion stage and was promoted to each prefecture-level city. The total direct investment was nearly 100 billion yuan. In the next five years, major cities in China will continue to invest huge sums of money to fully develop the city's alarm monitoring network. According to estimates of the Ministry of Science and Technology, investment in the construction of a safe city in a medium-sized city will reach several billion, of which the proportion of video surveillance systems will be 28%, and investment in storage equipment will often account for 20% of the total investment in video surveillance equipment. ~40%, with the development of high-definition video surveillance, the demand for storage devices will increase directly to several times or more than ten times. At present, there are more than 2,300 cities and counties in China, which have great market potential.
With the constant deepening of the application of the alarm and video surveillance system construction and application, the top priority in the construction of safe cities - the security technology prevention system has become an important means of public security prevention and an important part of the construction of public security prevention and control system. Preventing, detecting, controlling, and cracking down on illegal crimes, providing clues for detecting crimes, fixing evidence of crimes and crimes, and other aspects play an important role that cannot be replaced by human defense and physical defense.
* The department is the most powerful organization for the construction of a safe city, but at present, the Department faces many difficulties in the process of building a safe city. First, the construction of a safe city lacks organic integration in the business, and the construction of a video surveillance system is self-contained. Integration and repeated construction are serious. At the same time, each system has small coverage and narrow application. Second, existing video surveillance systems lack efficient integration with emergency response and policing services. Video utilization is not high, system integration is insufficient, and there is no complete The integration of video, bayonet, and alarm systems has serious problem of information islands. Although there are huge data resources, these data have not been effectively used. In general, the information generated by these systems and equipment is lacking. Deep application and comprehensive application.
At the same time, the birth of network monitoring has solved the traditional monitoring effect and changed the traditional connection method, which is simpler and more convenient. However, at the same time, a larger amount of storage requirements and higher bandwidth are derived. The most basic 720P effect is For example, each video compression to a lower bit rate also requires 3G capacity per hour. One month monitoring video requires about 2TB of capacity. So imagine if you need hundreds of thousands of such high-definition surveillance, such a huge video The documents, like a tidal wave, impact the storage system, which not only imposes higher requirements on the storage device capacity, read/write performance, and reliability.
Whether playback can support such a large amount of information is also a problem. At the same time, the security requirements for stored HD video are also high. From the large amount of high-definition videos that are saved, how to retrieve and recall images for image analysis is also a challenge.
Fortunately, with the acceleration of technology updates, the popularity of high-definition devices in 2012 will become the trend of the video surveillance industry. Although the past two years have also been improving cleaning equipment, there has been no case of extensive use. * The industry's good network bandwidth gives HD video technology a high-quality showcase. Problems such as lack of definition, low intelligence recognition rate, and transmission and sharing capabilities can all be well resolved. Therefore, it can be seen that more and more safe city projects use high-definition equipment as a pilot operation. Another problem that is associated with high-definition devices is storage. In addition to the pressures on storage mentioned above, in addition to the traditional storage performance improvements such as DAS, NAS, and IPSAN, the concept of cloud storage is also proposed, which can be used to target massive amounts of video data. High-speed and effective retrieval of high-definition video data.
By the deadline, all provinces have basically established centralized networking platforms for provinces, cities, and counties. How to use these data in actual combat operations? How can we help * solve cases quickly? It will be a new challenge for the construction of safe cities. challenge.
Financial articles
The financial industry is also a focus of security work, including banking, postal services, and certificates. As an important daily work in the financial industry, security guarding is of great importance to the normal operation of the enterprise and achieving good economic and social benefits. The implementation and implementation of security protection in the financial industry is an important foundation for the development of the financial industry. one.
Remote centralized monitoring is a manifestation of the networked development trend of the security industry in recent years. Through remote centralized monitoring, it can effectively improve the ability and efficiency of on-site monitoring of important sites, and plays an important role in ensuring the production safety of enterprises and promoting the stable and sustainable development of enterprises.
Taking a provincial-level financial institution as an example, the ultimate goal of the project is to use professional monitoring and networking software combined with digital monitoring technology to implement centralized remote monitoring of decentralized business outlets and production departments. For the production, treasury and business premises under the jurisdiction of cities, counties and districts, the need for unified remote centralized monitoring and control is realized, and the monitoring video resources of various cities can be concentrated on provincial platforms for access and invocation.
But now there are still many problems:
Regional deployment, low level of networking
At present, business outlets and ATM self-service banks are basically equipped with traditional video surveillance systems. However, the traditional digital-analog monitoring system is usually based on local monitoring and local storage. That is to say, all network points establish a complete monitoring system, and the lack of monitoring information between the network and the parent organization is an organic link. Although this basically completed the main functions of the security monitoring system, due to the lack of a unified planning and a unified design, the systems are independent of each other and cannot be effectively supplemented, resulting in passive security work and difficult management. There is no way to share information such as surveillance images and anti-theft alarms between outlets and higher authorities. Once a network emerges from an emergency, higher authorities cannot fully grasp the situation in a timely manner.
System design standards are not uniform
Due to the long-term lack of uniform standards that can be followed in the field of financial security, and because the construction time of the system is long overdue, the monitoring systems of business outlets that have been completed so far are quite different in terms of technical systems, equipment selection, product brands, and agreements. From the collection and transmission of front-end signals, to the exchange and control of central points, to the display and storage of back-end signals, there are certain differences in degrees, which is not conducive to the realization of unified management, image networking, remote control and intelligent alarm. deal with.
The system basically belongs to passive monitoring, intelligent program is not high
At present, the local monitoring systems or network monitoring systems that have been established at various outlets cannot really get rid of the limitations of passive monitoring. There are still many problems with the human factors in the use of the system.
Such as whether the staff on duty can normally use the equipment and software, whether it can use the system to actively monitor the system in accordance with the regulations, take the initiative to deal with problems, and whether they can actively search or record. The existing video system and alarm system are not highly integrated and the system is not intelligent enough for use with the system. For example, when a subordinate has a police report, the superior handler usually needs to manually open the live image, find the location of the alarm, the person in charge, contact information, make an artificial call, and deploy the police force.
Internal control supervision is not enough and the teller operation is not standardized
At present, the work supervision and assessment methods for the tellers in the business office are mainly periodic inspections. There are many omissions in this supervision and inspection mechanism, real-time supervision cannot be guaranteed, and the reminder and record cannot be guaranteed at the first time when there are problems or hidden troubles. It is urgently necessary to further regulate the daily work of tellers through remote visual supervision and management and business assessment.
External security precautions are not sound and the response is not timely
ATM self-service bank has not yet completely centralized and unified visual networking, and can not effectively implement remote intercom guidance, alarm upload and intelligent alarm preplans and other management. Crimes against ATMs are relatively high. If ATMs are implemented with 24-hour remote real-time linkage monitoring and voice intercom alerts, they will effectively contain ATM crimes.
Although the security monitoring in the current business hall has basically reached the requirements for localized alarm deployment and linkage, the degree of intelligence is not enough. In addition, the alarm information cannot be centralized and reported to the superior, and it cannot be handled well with the 110 alarm center.
At present, the treasury generally maintains the library for the local two-mankeeper mode, and there are certain internal risks.
The transfer point of the armored car at each business network is a high security hidden trouble zone. However, the current escort management system has a certain regulatory blind spot for the management and handover process of the escort personnel. At the same time, there are abnormal circumstances and emergencies surrounding the handover point environment. The speed of response and other issues.
The financial industry is characterized by the diversification and complexity of the monitoring equipment used and the individualized requirements of security applications. It is an intelligent prevention and control digital system with highly integrated, external defense internal control, operational services and management supervision. Different from *, the financial industry focuses on alarm information, such as ATM alarms, business network alarms, and vault alarms. Moreover, the alarm volume of alarms is very large. Therefore, the alarm processing capability of the security system is a test. In addition, there are detailed classifications for the handling of alarms, including early warning, normal alarm, important alarm, and emergency alarm. For the handling of alarms, linkage of alarms (linked access control systems, linkage IP intercom systems, linkage video surveillance systems, etc.).
The financial industry has its own specialized business network. The early video surveillance systems used the business network sharing model, making the financial industry only use low-resolution video in the CIF format due to the limitation of network bandwidth. The monitoring center only serves as a real-time preview of the screen. Now that the financial institution's network has begun to gradually transform, but the network still can not be compared with the video private network, which is generally 4M-8M bandwidth, so the video surveillance system is required to have media distribution functions.
In view of the special network conditions in the financial industry, storage also has corresponding strategies. It adopts a centralized storage system for distributed storage and central alarm recording. The front end uses hard disk recorders such as DVRs or NVRs, and is equipped with industrial-grade hard disks that guarantee 30-day storage. The monitoring center is equipped with dedicated storage servers and disk arrays to back up important alarm videos. Time can be saved for up to six months or more. Long.
Different monitoring areas in the financial industry require some business customization features such as:
Business hall, counter
The daily monitoring services that these places will involve include: digital superposition of counter cash registers, statistics of people flow, analysis of abnormal behaviors of staff, spot checks of working conditions of staff (wind construction), etc.;
treasury
Now that more and more banks are using unattended treasuries, they will need to have different security functions.
For video surveillance systems, access control systems, and technical anti-alarm systems, a complete solution is needed.
Self-service bank, departure ATM
The self-service bank will involve the analysis of abnormal behaviors: scuffles, installation of illegal stickers, installation of card readers, multi-face withdrawals; voice intercom at the time of the case, surveillance center deterrence, front-end alarm bell linkage, self-banking access control Wait.
monitoring Center
Staff turnover management, risk event management, multi-level alarm management, PS electronic map and other linkage management.
It can be found that the financial security monitoring platform adopts advanced data monitoring technology, software technology, multimedia technology, and network communication technology. It fully integrates the financial system business applications, and is stable, reliable, secure, and covers all outlets and various self-service banks, treasuries, and other key points. Site monitoring system.
Conclusion
As mentioned earlier, the two major industries, such as Finance and Finance, are of course enjoying rapid development in various fields, such as education, communications and energy industries. I would like to take this opportunity to discuss with you the next development of the security industry will have how the development of security monitoring system platform will be how to change, and hope to witness the 2012 Chinese security boom.
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The most important function of the DVR is to play back historical video. The playback quality is one of the most important performance indicators of the DVR. The clarity of the image quality and the size of the image affect whether or not the supervisory personnel can detect the suspicious situation in time, which is crucial to the case. effect. So, what are the major factors that affect the quality of DVR surveillance images?
DVR chip
The common chips on the pre-market soft voltage DVR cards are FUSION878A, CX23811, CX25851 from CONEXANT, SAA7130, SAA7134 from PHILIPS, and TW6800, TW6802, TW6802B, and TW6805 from TECHWELL in the United States.
DVR quality and capture card chip has a direct relationship, but the quality of the first-class capture card also depends on DVR software, DVR circuit board design, especially monitoring software, no matter how good the chip does not match the mature monitoring software, then Its quality is also general.
With major chip manufacturers not only entering the field of security, their investment is constantly increasing. The ability to handle the chips and the clarity of the images is also getting better and better, so that before a chip to do all the way to deal with, now a chip to deal with Four-way or eight-way, more prominent in the effect and picture quality, including more advantages in the chip processing, less busy in the speed and compression, but also reduce the hardware غير مجاز مي باشدts, but also get better Quality assurance and stability, which is also a sign of behavioral progress; people who have used a capture card know that the maintenance rate of multi-chips is much higher than that of single-chip chips; in which Henderson Security ranked 7% and 1 according to market research findings. %. It is also the development of a mainstream product that can reduce after-sales maintenance and reduce غير مجاز مي باشدts! This piece of Zhonghengheng security is a relatively perfect company, first put forward the first five-year video capture card warranty.
It can be imagined that the product quality and confidence is very confident, but also have the direct support of chip manufacturers and with the R & D team is inseparable.
DVR algorithm, resolution and stream algorithm
In the DVR industry in the domestic market, the commonly used algorithms are H.264, MPEG-4, wavelet algorithm, MJPEG, etc., but now according to the requirements of the project and considerations of various aspects, the compression rate, image clarity, and the space occupied by the video, etc. H.264 is used to reach a balance point.
Resolution
The definition by definition is to see the clarity of the object. We need to pay attention to two: monitor resolution and video resolution. The monitor resolution is the resolution of the monitor you watch. Although the resolution of the monitor can reach 1280*1024, the software of most manufacturers does not support the 1280*1024 high-definition resolution, but it is forced to squeeze or pull up or down. Extensive, the image appears to be distorted, and the effect is not good. At present, there are only one or two companies that can achieve high-definition software software in the market. The video resolution mainly affects the quality of the image is determined by the algorithm, as long as you remember, the video resolution and the video capacity, image resolution is proportional to it, and now almost all manufacturers in the CIF format video every hour Above 230M, according to my understanding, Henderson's three-generation software is only 150M in CIF format (no limit stream), and D1 resolution recording capacity is about 4 times that of CIF.
Stream
The stream of code is simply the amount of data in the image. The more data stored per second, the higher the definition of the image and the reduction of the code stream. That is, some of the details in the image are lost. The image data is less, and the space is also occupied. It is small, but the image is not clear, and the stream and the image are also in a direct relationship. Therefore, controlling the code stream is also an important factor that affects the image quality.
Several suggestions for getting a clear image
First: buy a good brand of display, the display's image quality depends mainly on the display of the panel used, the current good quality display PHILIPS, Samsung, ViewSonic, etc.;
Second: Please try to buy ATI graphics cards, because the quality of ATI graphics cards is recognized as the best in the industry, graphics industry is in the rendering, line management, processing speed, 3D textures, etc., ATI graphics may be inferior to other manufacturers in some aspects , but in terms of picture quality, it is much better than the graphics cards of other brands from the aspects of colorfulness, fineness, sharpness, and color reproduction;
Third: Set the video resolution and stream height. For example, if the video resolution is high, the picture is clear, the stream is high or the stream is not limited, the picture will be clear. In addition, the stream of PTZ is mentioned here. Because PTZ is rotating at a time, the picture changes greatly, and the amount of data is large. The more the picture changes, the larger the amount of data. Under the same parameter settings (that is, all channels have the same compression ratio), the video files of the PTZ channel will be larger than others. This is a normal phenomenon. If the video stream of this channel is forcibly restricted, the video playback is not vague. Clear, so it is not recommended to do stream restrictions on PTZ.
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one. Foreword
The layout of books, newspapers and magazines has the characteristics of extensive information. How the visual effects on the layout and the sense of form are directly related to the dissemination of information. A good layout design can also bring people an elegant art enjoyment. Layout is an art. Like other arts, it has a variety of formal languages. However, before the 1990s, the importance of layout art was not fully valued by people. There were both conceptual and technical reasons. In the era of lead and fire, it is not about art on the layout. Although Gutenberg’s classical design pattern had undergone tremendous changes as early as the 1930s and 1940s, new design ideas and new schools emerged in an endless stream. However, in China, the reform of layouts did not start until the 1990s. The direct reason is the widespread use of computers, which freed people from heavy manual typesetting and embarked on a computer screen, and then entered the era of digitalization, opening up an unlimited and vast world for layout art. The process of this transformation is just in the big environment of China's reform and opening up. The frequent exchanges of various cultures at home and abroad, and the infiltration of various design concepts have enabled China's layout art to develop at a rapid rate. Great results. In recent years, China's layout art has been formally included in the scope of copyright protection, and has gained a place in the art garden.
two. The evolution of layout art
The book layout of our country was very backward. In a quite long historical period, it was mainly based on the classical European model established by Gutenberg in Germany more than 500 years ago. Even the grid layout that appeared in Europe several decades ago, we have only picked up the simplest form of overlapping grids, and we have not fully promoted them, let alone absorb the latest research results of contemporary layouts. Many people think that only the cover design is the art in the books, and the layout design is just a string of words, or treat it as a low-level technical design. This misunderstanding of understanding and the pause of ideas are the main reasons for the long-term lag in book layout.
The innovation of China's books and magazines is in the final years of the end of the century. The first is the market competition caused by the reform and opening up environment, which forces the book industry to make all-out efforts from the content to the form. The layout problem has become one of the areas that cannot be ignored. Followed by the computer's comprehensive replacement of traditional printing, not only solved a series of technical problems in the typesetting, but also provides infinitely rich composition elements and form basis for the layout art. Third, the expansion of people's horizon after the reform and opening up has promoted the rapid renewal of the aesthetic concept. As a result, framing artists once again stepped into this virgin land. Start the layout of the new ideas and the process of integration with the international.
The earliest innovations began with the imitation of foreign design patterns. It is mainly the extensive use of free format. The free format originated in the United States. It is based on the advanced photo-setting technology. It has strong flexibility, emphasizes the sense of form, and has great potential for innovation. In addition, a new objectivist design similar to Germany's John Cheshad and the futuristic design tendencies of Italy's Filipe Malinietti have also emerged. Since then, the framing artists are no longer constrained by traditional designs. They have strengthened the independent aesthetic value of the layout form on the basis of practical functions of the books and magazines. Their common features are to reintegrate the layout of the book into the scope of the modern plane. Therefore, it is particularly active. Compared with traditional design, the evolution of layout composition and the new features of formal elements are also more obvious. It shows that China's layout art has strode into a modern sequence. The following aspects are more prominent
(to be continued)
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