[China Instrument Network Instrumentation Industry] Four-table collection copied from last year's hot talked about this year, the most controversial, the reason may be because the main push party is the State Grid Corporation, making the local water company, heating company, gas company, meter company (water vapor Hot-meter business) wait and see.
Interconnection promotes the development of smart meter technology and innovation in the power industry. Guodian has issued a series of standards for metering, collection, and main stations in 2009. The new equipment has achieved true interconnection and communication and has been greatly promoted. The intelligent progress of power meters. It avoids the risk of duplicate investment in equipment and allows equipment outsourcing to be formally oriented to society.
The water, gas, and heat industries are basically in line with the power industry in the process of metering intelligence. At present, especially in the water and heat industries, smart-collection copying is more of a game between meter manufacturers, making users dazzled. feel. This has led to the simultaneous presence of multiple meter reading systems in various water and thermal management departments, and the incompatibility of various metering systems and equipment maintenance.
What can the hydrothermal industry learn from the electricity experience?
Although the water, gas and heat industries around the country do not have strong financial resources and strong technical team support, it does not affect the development of the implementation of local enterprise standardization. The water industry's Changsha water industry, the heat industry's Baoji Heat and some other owners have already done so. They use or build their own technical team, combine the technical strengths of various meter manufacturers and third-party manufacturers, and formulate standards for metering, collection, and platform for their own companies on the basis of existing national standards and industry standards. Through the revision of enterprise standards, in the actual operation process, the water company and the heating company can more intuitively evaluate the meter manufacturers, and can provide more explicit and more targeted performance modification opinions to the meter manufacturers. It not only ensures the investment of equipment, but also greatly simplifies the maintenance of equipment. For the table-top companies, the user-enterprise standards are clear. In order to have a satisfactory report card, the table-top companies will be more concerned with the improvement of metering characteristics and electrical characteristics, the construction of after-sales service system, and the improvement of service quality and response time.
Issues to be solved for interconnection and interworking
The original intention of copying the four forms is to share resources and save investment; it is not only a simple meter reading system, but also needs to consider the operation and maintenance of the later equipment. If the water and gas heat industry is also highly unified like the power industry, four Table copying work will be relatively simple. The current situation is that the existing remote water vapor heat meters are highly inconsistent whether in the physical layer or in the protocol layer. To build a four-table copying system at the moment, it is necessary to resolve a process that is compatible with the grand unification. Whether it is the compatibility of an old meter or the installation of a new meter, the first thing that needs to be solved is the maximum degree of interconnection between different instrument terminals.
Standardization is the basic guarantee of interconnection, but any standardization has a starting point. How to be compatible with smart meters before this starting point is a problem that must be solved (especially for the water and gas heat industry). True compatibility cannot stop at the data platform docking. This technical guarantee is very fragile. In the process of standardizing the acquisition layer, it is also possible to be compatible with both standard protocol metering and non-standard protocol metering.
Due to the differences between the water and electric heat administration departments and different national standards and industry standards, considering the interconnection and interoperability at the level of the four tables, comprehensive consideration must be given to different mainstream application scenarios. The metering end is based on the existing instrument industry standards, and the acquisition end Comprehensive consideration of four-meter remote data items, acquisition density, standard protocols, and non-standard protocol compatibility. At the same time, water and electricity heat are in the same city as municipal infrastructure services. Most of them are state-owned enterprises, and their respective leading capabilities are not enough. The copying of the four forms of work needs to rely on the support of the local government, make full use of the advantages of various companies and the supporting resources of local institutions, and give play to the coordination role of the government departments in charge.
In the progress of the four-sheet copying work, the following details must be resolved:
Specification of installation dimensions of new meters The existing water gas heat meters, especially water meters, allow more dimensions in the same size country. Although there are recommended sizes, many manufacturers have their own convenience, غير مجاز مي باشدt savings, technical differences, etc. Considering factors, there are often things that can't be replaced with one another in the market for the same specification. Smart meters are particularly serious.
Specification of water vapor heat meter electrical parameters Take the M-BUS bus water meter as an example. Many manufacturers' engineers did not strictly comply with the international M-BUS standard when designing the meter, and the quiescent current of the meter was quite different. In the actual test process, Some manufacturers have even reached a quiescent current of 4mA (far more than the specification of the quiescent current <1.5mA); the meter's response time, valve control current, power supply characteristics and other differences in the field is also greater. These factors will greatly affect the carrying capacity and electrical compatibility of the four-table collection site-reading process, which will seriously hinder the realization of the four-table collection of site-to-site interconnection.
The water vapor heat metering protocol is mostly compliant with the 188-2004 Department of Housing and Construction. Different manufacturers have different understandings of the protocol, and some manufacturers use the manufacturer's own protocol, leading to the actual operation process. Can not achieve interconnection and interoperability.
Flexible application of small wireless technologies Currently, domestic smart remote water vapor heat meters are mainly wired and wirelessly supplemented. Installed in the outdoors, convenient wiring is basically wired transmission; installed in the home, inconvenient wiring smart meter will use wireless transmission. The installation environment of water vapor and heat determines that the wireless smart water vapor heat meter can only adopt the battery-powered method, and the requirements for penetration ability and transmission distance are still higher. All wireless wireless routers use proprietary protocols. The part of the routing algorithm for networking is the confidentiality of wireless technology. This leads to the inability to interconnect and communicate with each other on the wireless meter. For the wireless automatic meter reading part, taking into account the maintainability of the later period, the upstream protocol of the concentrator is standardized first, and the downlink part adopts the coexistence of multiple wireless transmission modes, and the modes of frequency shift and time sharing are used.
(Original title: A discussion of the four tables to explore interconnection and interoperability - what can water vapor and heat learn from the electricity experience?)
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