Asarum pharmacological effects
Pharmacological effects:
1. The sedative, analgesic and antipyretic effects of Asarum volatile oil have a clear central inhibitory effect. Small doses can make animals quiet, tamed, and significantly reduce their own activities; large doses can make animals sleep and have significant anticonvulsant effects. The mice fell asleep 5 minutes after administration, and the righting reflex disappeared; the guinea pigs were slightly unstable, quiet, and significantly extended the duration of thiopental. Its role in the center is similar to that of barbiturates. Aspergillus essential oil 0.5ml/kg to the rabbit gavage has analgesic effect on electrical stimulation of rabbit pulpal nerve nerve pain, its analgesic intensity and antipyrine 0.5g/kg similar. Asarum decoction gavage has analgesic effect on mice.
Asarum volatile oil is intragastrically administrated, and it has antipyretic effect on artificially heated rabbits caused by warmth stimuli, typhoid and paratyphoid A and B mixed bacterins and tetrahydro-beta-naphthol, and has solutions to normal animals (rabbits and guinea pigs). Thermal effect.
2. Anti-inflammatory effect of asarum on the formaldehyde and egg white feet have a certain inhibitory effect. Asarum oil has a significant anti-inflammatory effect and can significantly inhibit yeast and formaldehyde-induced joint swelling in rats against ear swelling caused by croton oil. Volatile oil was intraperitoneally injected with 0.24ml/kg and 0.96ml/kg gavage, which had a significant inhibitory effect on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. There is still anti-inflammatory effect on rats after adrenal gland degranulation. Its anti-inflammatory action principle is: both to enhance the adrenal cortex function; also inflammatory mediators of inflammation release, capillary permeability enhancement, exudation, leukocyte migration, connective tissue hyperplasia and other aspects have inhibitory effect. Asparta saponin has obvious anti-inflammatory effect on histamine-induced rat ankle swelling.
3. Effects on Respiratory System 0.2-0.4g (crude drug)/kg of octanol infusion is administered intravenously to rabbits to fight respiratory depression caused by morphine. Methyl eugenol has obvious relaxing effect on isolated trachea in guinea pigs. The octanol infusion first reduced the lung perfusion in vitro and then continued to increase for 15-30 minutes. The phenomenon of isoproterenol was not reduced for the first time, but it was similar to that of Asarum in terms of lung perfusion flux and duration. Therefore, the follow-up effect of Asarum was similar to that of isoproterenol.
4. Effects on the Cardiovascular System Asarum volatile oil can significantly increase coronary flow in isolated hearts of guinea pigs. On isolated frog hearts, small doses of stimulation; high-dose inhibition, and arrested in the diastolic phase. The northern octoغير مجاز مي باشدan extract has obvious stimulant effects on isolated rabbits and guinea pig hearts. The rapid increase of myocardial contractility and rapid heart rate occurs after administration. The general duration of this effect is approximately 7 to 10 minutes, and the performance is positive. Muscle strength and positive frequency effect. In isolated hearts of guinea pigs, coronary flow can be increased, but no effect on isolated rabbit hearts. Asarum volatile oil can resist acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in rabbits and increase the tolerance of mice to decompression and hypoxia. Asarum, norcoclaurine, and isoproterenol significantly improved left ventricular pump function and myocardial contractility in dogs, but Asarum increased the amount of stroke, while tokamakine and isoproterenol caused stroke. Reduced production. Adrenergic β-receptor blockade, Asarum increases cardiac output still exists.
Asarum volatile oil shows expansion of visceral vasospasm in the iliac crest. It has an antihypertensive effect on the intravenous injection of anesthetized dogs or cats, but its decoction has a boosting effect on cats. This effect can be enhanced by cocaine and turned over by ergot venom. These phenomena appear to be similar to those of adrenaline.
5. Local anesthetic animal experiments showed that: Asarum volatile oil has a surface anesthetic effect, infiltration and anesthesia efficacy, but the decoction is invalid. The octyl alcohol infusion has local anesthetic effects on the sciatic nerve plexus of frogs, intradermal nerve endings of guinea pigs and human tongue muغير مجاز مي باشدa. Asarum 50% decoction can block the impulse conduction of the sciatic nerve of the sciatic nerve and is reversible. Its anesthetic effect is similar to that of 1% procaine.
6. Increased metabolic function of the body from the racemic ascorbic acid isolated from Asarum has a wide range of physiological effects of adrenergic beta-stimulant, which has a strong heart, dilate blood vessels, relax smooth muscle, enhance lipid metabolism and increase blood sugar, etc. effect.
7. Effects on Smooth Muscle The concentration of volatile oil from Asarum leaves the isolated uterus and intestine in rabbits firstly increases and then decreases, and the amplitude increases. At high concentrations, it decreases. 5. The relaxing effect of histamine, acetylcholine and barium chloride on isolated ileum of guinea pigs. The rat uterus was inhibited.
8. Antihistamines The four components of methyl eugenol, Kakuol, N-isobutylecarotenes, and norcoclaurine contained in the water-insoluble fraction of the methanol extract of the Asarum miltiorrhizae assemblage have anti-groups Amine can significantly inhibit histamine-induced ileum contraction in guinea pigs.
9. Antibacterial effects of Asarum ethanol extract, volatile oil, etc. have inhibitory effects on Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella typhi. Decoction also inhibits Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Salmonella typhi. Asarum volatile oil has antibacterial effects on various fungi. The antibacterial active ingredient is astragaloside, its antibacterial effect is 4 times stronger than that of 40% formaldehyde aerosol sterilization, and it is 1 times stronger than the direct bactericidal effect of carbolic acid.
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Notoginseng
Herbs perennial, up to 60cm tall.Rhizome short, stem erect, smooth glabrous.Leaves palmate compound, long stalks, 3 ~ 4 whorled at stem apex;Leaflets 3 ~ 7, elliptic or oblong obovate, margin serrulate.Born on the slopes of the jungle.Now more cultivated in the elevation of 800 ~ 1000m foot slope or on the gentle slope of the mound.Mainly produced in Yunnan, Guangxi and Sichuan.
Herbs perennial erect, 20-60 cm tall.Taproot fleshy, 1 at most, spindle - shaped.Stems dark green, purplish to apex, glabrous, longitudinally coarsely striated.
Fingerlike compound leaves 3-6 whorled stem apex;Stipules many, clustered, linear, less than 2 mm long;Petioles 5-11.5 cm long, striate, smooth glabrous;Petiole central 1.2-3.5 cm long, lateral 0.2-1.2 cm long, glabrous;The biggest in the middle of the leaf blade membranous, elliptic to pour egg shape long elliptic, 7 to 13 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, apex acuminate to long acuminate, base broadly cuneate to rounded, on both sides of the blade, the smallest elliptic to cone long ovate, 3.5 7 cm long, 1.3 3 cm wide, apex acuminate to long acuminate, base oblique, margin finely serrate,Tooth cusp with short cusp, 1 setae between teeth, setae sparsely along veins on both sides, main and lateral veins raised on both sides, reticulate veins not obvious.
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